Linguistic Reading Response

It is interesting to note that contrary to popular belief, more often than not different pronunciations are the result of different contexts – variances in social settings, the use of formal and informal pronunciations, etc. Unfortunately, Americans have long labored under the misguided assumption, especially where language is concerned, that there is one right way to do something, and all other ways are wrong (Callary 118). Sounds used in language are produced by the human vocal apparatus, thus the term ‘Articulatory phonetics’ to refer to sounds described by the ‘articulations’ (actions) of the vocal tract. We produce speech sounds by modifying a stream of air as we push it by the lungs through the trachea and ultimately out of the oral or nasal cavities, or both (Callary 119). Stated this way the production of speech sounds seems trivial, obvious, and incredibly easy. But the facts of articulation prove otherwise, with the production of even the simplest sound the result of an amazingly complex activity involving coordination of muscles all working in precise timing. Studying language scientifically is quite a challenging and difficult undertaking (as the assigned reading pages illustrate, with all the allophones, phonemes, morphemes, etc.), though people might generally take the nuances of language for granted. Aside from the technical aspects of language, one needs to also consider its other socio-linguistic components – origin, cultural factors, and regional variations, among others. â€Å"A History of the Spanish Language† by Ralph Penny Considering that it is already a ‘dead’ language, it is still pretty amazing that Latin is the ancestor of Spanish (and, by definition, of all other Romance languages), spread by soldiers, traders and farmers of the Western Roman Empire two thousand years ago to the present population of the Spanish-speaking world. Interestingly, Romance languages do not descend from Classical (i.e. literary) Latin, but non-literary varieties, often referred to collectively as ‘Vulgar Latin (Penny 5). ‘Vulgar’ Latin differs only in the sense that is spoken by the Latin-speaking population with little or no school education. In the contemporary scene, there is a significant Spanish-speaking populace within the United States of America with the waves of human migration from Spanish-speaking countries, e.g. Mexico. To a certain extent, Spanish has influenced the development of the English language as it is being spoken in the USA, notably in states with notable Latino populations. â€Å"The African Heritage of American English† by Joseph E. Holloway and Winifred K. Vass In a similar vein to the Spanish-American experience is African-Americanism. Considering that at least 70 percent of the ancestors of Americans of African descent came from the Mande (West Aftican) and Bantu (Central African) ethnic groups (Holloway and Vass xix), it is not surprising that these two cultures contribute substantially to the diverse North American ethnic stock. This is evident in jazz closely associated with black musicians, whose history and origins can be traced to the Old Congo Square of New Orleans. Yet available dictionaries and related works on African-American culture, language and history do not provide comprehensive documentation of linguistic Americanisms, except perhaps for Turner's Africanisms in the Gullah Dialect (Holloway and Vass xix). Moreover, it would appear that the controversial debate over the survival of linguistic Africanisms in North American is still raging, led by the factions of E. Franklin Frazier and Herskovits. For Frazier, the institution of slavery completely destroyed any surviving African culture and consequently, African-American culture developed without any African antecedents. In this way he emphasized African discontinuity, advocating a deculturalization hypothesis. Herskovits on the other hand argued that African cultural influences survived in the New World, retained by process of acculturation and adaptation by the African slaves brought to the Americas (African continuum and continuity in African-American language). List of Works Cited: Callary, Edward. â€Å"Phonetics.† Eds. Clark, Virginia, Paul Eschholz and Alfred Rosa. Language: Introductory Readings. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985. 113-133. Penny, Ralph. A History of the Spanish Language. 2nd Ed. London: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Holloway, Joseph and Winifred Vass. The African Heritage of American English. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997.

A House in Gross Disorder

A sex scandal – that too accompanied by charges of sodomy, doesn’t sound theoretically convincing enough to be lauded as the chief antagonist of a book that would elaborate the manners of the early seventeenth century English society.The heinous nature of the scandal and the noble family it badly marred collectively demanded a thorough and scrupulous historical documentation that would serve as a bold yet honest evidence of the truth in times of secrecy and puritanical approaches. In A House in Gross Disorder: Sex, Law, and the 2nd Earl of Castlehaven, Cynthia Herrup takes up a bold task of chronicling an emperor’s debauchery and the subsequent fall from grace.On the surface, the book vividly records a tale of sodomy, rape, corruption and revenge. But Herrup goes beyond the notions of conventional morality, and excites the readers with an insightful telling of how a man of noble origin was incriminated by a system which was essentially naà ¯ve and passive.Moreov er, the case of the 2nd earl of Castlehaven directly implies the latent anxieties involved with the very structure of power, which can be applicable to modern societies as well. Mervin Touchet, the earl of Castlehaven, was charged with serious offenses of actuating the rape of his own wife and of performing sodomy on one of his servants.This case received so much public attention that researchers have later on found evidential grounds to address to a number of social, religious and ethical issues involving the hindsight of power and authority, tyranny, deviance, legal entailments of suppression, and the inevitable implications of patriarchal domestic setups.A House in Gross Disorder: Sex, Law, and the 2nd Earl of Castlehaven captures the nature of governance that prevailed in the royal court of Castlehaven prior to the grisly events, and how it brought about the condemnation and beheading of the earl in 1631. In a way, the author discusses and explains the situations that led to the debauchery and disorder in the Castlehaven household.It is to be clearly understood that Cynthia Herrup does not merely tell us a shameful event, but she actively engages our consciousness and awareness about the relevance of such an event in contemporary society by collating key points concerning sex, able governance and the role of a transparent and competent legal system. Hence the main thesis argument Cynthia Herrup tries to propagate in the book is not what happened, but why it happened.The Touchets settled in the Castlehaven in 1620 and immediately exercised their sovereign power in the locality. There was an underlying wave of nobility and religious leniency about the way the head of the household directed both the internal as well as external affairs.Despite being an old family dating back to the times of the Norman Conquest in England, the Touchets never really went out to establish a fortunate identity for themselves, partly because of their inheritance and injudicious tr ends of marriage.Eventually it was the convicted earl’s father George Touchet who understood that â€Å"the surest path to wealth and status was a combination of service, supplication, and judicious marriage.† (p. 10) His expertise as a soldier and good administrator was well circulated, fetching him widespread recognition.But his son’s escapades, as Herrup wants us to show, are not to be confused with his own status or credibility. Stuck in a perpetual state of dynamics in terms of religion, politics and law, the stage was almost set for the ensuing chain of events that would bring ignominy to the Castlehaven family. An act of sodomy, according to the Christian convictions, was extremely degrading and morally reproachable offense.Long before the Castlehaven case, the English society was unrelenting in despising such activities. As history has it, the aristocrats in the Elizabethan times were frequently accused with similar charges, the most notable being in the cases of the Earls of Oxford and of Southampton. Due to the passive nature of the mass acceptance of crimes such as rape and sodomy, majority of these cases lay under cover and never really attracted too much attention other than a reviled broadcasting.Even men hailing from blue-blooded families had the grit to stand up to the charges brought against them – presumably for testifying to their self-confidence and beliefs in a patriarchal supremacy. But according to the prevalent Protestant notions, sodomy was typically an un-English crime usually committed by the Italians and the Turkeys who were believed to have very little sense of self-restraint and moral values.But Mervin Touchet was neither an Italian nor a Turkey, nor was he supposed to be stripped off the conventional Protestant values. So the logical question remains – why did he engage in such treachery?Herrup attempts to guide us through the convoluted system of monarchy that somehow isolated many of the young earls in the beginning of their tenures. Lack of traceability in terms of peer connections and the general tenor of mistrust and passivity at the core of the family seemed to generate a deficient measure of ethics for the accused person in contention here.Five chapters are assigned to this book, making the task of unfolding the events and their interpretations a smooth one. The first chapter recounts the history of the Castlehaven’s ancestry, their land acquisitions, and how the premonitions were about to unveil themselves.From the perspective of a historian, this chapter is thoroughly required for the sake of critical research. Herrup introduces in this chapter the obvious difference that prevailed in the moral domains of two of the earls of Castlehaven, resulting in the disorderly affairs at Fonthill Gifford.The second chapter directly goes into the central topic of the book, e. g. the allegations of assistance in rape and sodomy brought against the 2nd earl.From informati ve contexts, this chapter abounds in charges that eventually incriminate the earl on the ground of circumstantial as well as concrete pools of evidence. It was Lord Audley who first brought the disturbing charges against the earl, stating that he was purposefully denied of his inheritance as the earl had an unusual propensity to one of his servants Henry Skipwith.This set the ball in motion as allegations of sexual perversion and provoked acts of sexuality started raining. The Privy Council intervened into the matter and questioned most of the family members, including the accused ones. Finally in 1631, charges against the earl were found legitimate after a prolonged trial and he was convicted of rape and sodomy.Herrup inducts the evidences to support her arguments in the third chapter. The first thematic construct involves the obligation for men to control their emotive responses for the greater good of their families and loved ones. No doubt it was completely taunted by the Castle haven to doom his own fate.The second important argument concerns the faculty of self-respect and honor in dealing with potentially unruly confrontations. This too lacked in the case of the 2nd earl of Castlehaven. The third argument, same as the second one, brings into the forefront of consideration the need to remain firm to sacred religious beliefs.All the three aforementioned arguments can be exemplified in a nutshell. As the head of a domestic setup infested with â€Å"sly servants and unruly women† (p. 74), Touchet engaged in disgraceful activities and supported the same in others (p. 79), and he was alleged to have questionable associations with Roman Catholicism and Ireland (p. 81). Hence the earl was comfortably drawn as debased and therefore, shamefaced for some reason.For the readers, it is virtually impossible to decipher the extent of his guilt, and that is precisely what the author tries to say in the book. It is basically a trial which is to be closely examined in the contemporary social context of deviance, homosexuality, tyranny and power games. So it may easily be inferred that this book is for a select band of readers – those with idiosyncratic viewpoints and a commanding grasp over the Elizabethan history of England.

Computers and Education Essay

Nowadays, it is generally believed that computers are essential for our modern education. They are indispensable studying tool that makes it easier for many people to learn subjects from mathematics to language skills. However, there are some aspects of a good education that cannot be taught using computers. Computers play a significant role in all fields of modern society. They are widely used by banks for account management and by stores for keeping records of sales and inventory. Computers are also necessary for interpreting data from a patient’s history and determining diagnosis. Moreover, computers make an important contribution to the education. They are widely used by school and university students and by students who study at home. Computers may be very helpful for learning most subjects. Some of those subjects are mathematics, languages, information technology that cannot be taught without computer, and so on. Computers are capable of storing and combining information in a way that makes is very simple to access and use. Computers simplify students studying by providing them with easy typing software, many useful exercises. In addition, they can make it easier for teachers to assess the students and mark their work. However, there are some features that cannot be taught by using computers. For example, it seems obvious that the subject like singing would be virtually impossible to learn without teacher’s involvement. Furthermore, while computers can be used by students for learning languages, they cannot provide them with an adequate feedback on their pronunciation or writing skills. Learning such subjects like chemistry and physics would be extremely difficult or sometimes even dangerous without teacher’s supervision while having done various experiments. In conclusion, it is important to point out that computers can be beneficial  for educational purposes and they can help students with learning most of the subjects. Despite this in some cases, it is also necessary to engage teacher to make the education more effective and complete. Teacher would also be helpful for pupils as he or she could answer their questions, provide them with a wide range of examples and give them more exercises on particular matters students have difficulties with.

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Research Paper - Essay Example Our general way of living as per the American Dream can also be viewed in the play. It has shown as how one rejects the realities of life and tries to settle down with the dreams that he has regarding life. Every character in the story is trying to build up upon his/her American Dream. But all of them are rendered unsuccessful in the conclusion of the story. This research essay would further relate the concepts of the American Dream with the views that Tennessee has himself put into the play Glass Menagerie and would further present as to how the characters were being deviated because of their utopia. (Gwynn 2009 20-30). American Dream has been included in the Declaration of Independence which clearly states that every man has been endowed with rights when he is born into this world. By this it is meant that all inequalities and injustice is undesirable in the society and every individual should be provided with rights through which he can become successful and lead a life which everyone would have perceived. The view presented by American Dream clearly places education as the foremost factor which can influence the people to lead a life which they have perceived. The phenomenon of the survival of the fittest should be removed from the society and all the individuals should be provided with equal rights. But according to the American Dream the ones with gifted capabilities should be given an opportunity regardless of which class they belong to. The subject of all individuals regardless of their capabilities is not seen in the American Dream. Over the time it is seen that many citizens are enjoying t he American Dream as it was perceived but many citizens are also devoid of their rights to enjoy the American Dream. This can clearly be seen in the discrimination which is being practiced in the country against many races and ethnicities. Individuals who are of a greater potential are

Research methods Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Research methods - Assignment Example The USASuperCars signed a new contract, which would allow it to sell its batch of 27 luxury cars to various customers around the globe, primarily in the UK, Japan, Canada, South Africa and the USA. The contract states that the selling price of the products are fixed and in local currencies at the exchange rates at the time of the delivery. In the real economic world set up, the exchange rate is marked with high level of precariousness. Therefore, one, particularly a businessman, cannot simply overlook the idea about the linked benefits and risks to the stated contract. In this event, the HSBC offered to pay a sure sum of $2,150,000 in return for revenue in local currencies. It is at this point that the work at hand seeks to come up with a decision whether to accept or reject the offer by weighing up the associated benefits and risks. In addition, in the event that the HSBC’s offer is accepted, finding for which payment schedule is better based on the point of view of USASuperC ars and HSBC, searching for other potential risks HSBC will be exposed to, and finally understanding the measures that can be taken in order to at least minimize the exchange rate risk beyond converting all currencies into dollars. Profit analysis for USASuperCars is vital for this case, prior to deciding which payment option is necessary provided that the offer of HSBC is accepted. Recommendations are provided, which are associated with HSBC’s offer. The justification behind the profit analysis is based on the information of the worldwide order, the quantity and the selling price of luxury cars in the local currencies. To ensure the information about exchange rate is properly considered, the mean and standard deviation rate for converting each currency into dollars are included based on the historical data. Based on the assumption that the rates are normally distributed and independent with each other, the profit has the assumption that it is normally distributed as well. As

Sam 386 unit 8 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sam 386 unit 8 - Assignment Example A contract must include the names of both or more parties involved. The parties when dealing with businesses must include the type of entity and state of establishment. The scope of the work describes in detail the things that must be done to comply with the terms of the contract. It also includes a specific list of deliverables for the project and a process for expanding the scope of work, should the client want you to provide additional services (Artofbusiness, 2014). The precise terms of the contract and the timeline for delivery of the contract are important elements. The project manager must provide progress reports to upper management about the completion status of the project. The payment details is probably the most important element of a service contract. The contract must clearly states who owns any patents, copyright, or trademarks that are product during the course of business of the

Geological Adventure Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Geological Adventure - Personal Statement Example My first destination would be this marvelous cave of Lechuguilla in the heart of the Guadalupe Mountains in southern New Mexico at Carlsbad Caverns National Park. These sun-blasted ridges and the rock below them had been alive 250 million years ago. A magnificent barrier reef, geologists call El Capitn. The living reef had died as the basin it enclosed grew too salty. Then, long buried under later deposits, the dead reef became limestone; the ideal stone for caves1 (see Figure 2) Climbing and hiking Fans would love the place beside all the under ground wonders made by chemicals and water reactions that would be great picture shots for photograph fans to add to their collections (see Figure 3) After staying in New Mexico for a while, I will be then heading to Hawaii and its Kilauea volcano (On Big Island),one of the world's prime attractions for adventure travelers2 along with two other active volcanoes, Mauna Loa and Loihi that is located underwater off the southern coast of Hawaii's Big Island 3. There are many things to do there -besides watching Kilauea lava flowing into the sea. I would experience the mystery and walk through the native Hawaiian rain forest, hike over just-cooled lava. I could also visit the 52-foot Kilauea Lighthouse that was built in 1913 as a beacon for traveling ships4.

Interviews about American Incomes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interviews about American Incomes - Assignment Example We usually attend all our classes, then either go home or somewhere with friends. Depends on where we are residents. I live in this state and therefore prefer to go home for a while, whereas others would probably grab a bite to eat since they don’t have a home here to go and eat. The dress code is liberal; not too liberal, but moderately liberal. You will not be mocked if you wish to wear your traditional dress because our country is open to different cultures and minorities and wishes to treat them well. On formal presentation days, it is recommended to dress better than the other days, but most people like to dress casually on the rest of the days. Sports are an important and widely accepted part of our society; there is football, basketball and ice hockey. You should definitely check that out if you want to get a feel of our culture. Me: Thank you very much. Conversation # 2 (in recess) Me: Do you mind if I join you? Anonymous: No problem. Me: I have been hearing a great de al about the elections around here. They are on November 6th if I am not wrong? Anonymous: Yes. There is always a buzz around the time of elections. Me: What is your view on the politics of your country? Are you leaning more towards the Democrats of the Republicans? Anonymous: I do cast my vote, and I am for Democracy, therefore I will probably vote for Obama. However, I am more for the social welfare of the economy than politics as a whole. Me: For a greener better society or something related to social classes? Anonymous: Both actually, but a better society would be a greener society I believe. Me: I am actually really interested in the scenario of classes in the US. If you ever have some extra time, we can discuss this in length. Anonymous: Happy to help. Interview #1: Me: Continuing our previous conversation, I was a little unclear about what comprises the concept of ‘class’ here in the US. Anonymous: Class is synonymous to socioeconomic status and there are three s tringent divides: lower middle and upper class. However, there are variations between the three as well.  

Analysis of Education in Bushwick, Brooklyn Essay

Analysis of Education in Bushwick, Brooklyn - Essay Example ool and New Utrecht High School with each other has been attempted to measure the result and search the reason behind the differences in available data on the usage of ICT in education. Education in Bushwick has been a cause of concern. The issue of communication rights has been raised in the context of digital divide. The term ‘digital divide’ is used on a number of parameters; haves and have-nots being one of them comprising those who have access to information technology and those who don’t have access (Matwyshyn, 2003). Students learn the information and communication technologies fast. In that context, it is significant that the benefits of ICT reach the students through the class rooms. Bolt and Crawford have rightly remarked, â€Å"This is not a question of newer school texts or better school uniforms, it is literally a social fulcrum point that we†¦ have come to which will determine the face of our society well into the next century†(Digital Divide, 2000: 32). While there is evidence that access to computers in schools has increased, the question remains to be answered whether low socio-economic status (SES) schools provide students with justifiable backing to attain information communication technology (ICT) literacy (Hohlfeld et al., 2008). Education technology should be used as a tool to better students’ proficiency in English language, arts, mathematics, and science. The New York State Education department sanctions funds to meet the federal goals of computer literacy in students by the finish of eighth grade (NYSED.gov 2008-09) To what extent the computers and related technologies integration should happen in the classroom is a big issue in itself. Burniske and Monke, former high school teachers, suggest being cautious in their book Breaking down the Digital Walls. Students don’t necessarily become a part of their community to serve after attaining proficiency to the extreme. They utilize the technological expertise to find a job of their

Charles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Charles - Essay Example But once this was approached in a very open ended perspective by Hibbert, the question of the influence of a king’s persona on his kingdom became important to the history of England and its world of today. Indeed, a powerful kingdom like England cannot be unconcerned about what its royal leadership is made up of. The central question of the book therefore comes as a wakeup call for England to reflect on its history to identify how this history influences life today. The basis of the argument above is that as long as England has remained a monarchy, it has continued to take inspiration from the leadership styles of its Kings and Queens. Meanwhile, the leaders have led the country as an extension of the personas they are made of. This situation gives several answers to questions that have to do with why there exist differences in the reigns of some leaders of the Great Kingdom. Again, answering these questions will bring out the need for much consideration to be made, especially when it comes to the nurturing of the Royal Family members of England. This is a very important exercise because once a person ascends the throne, that person influences the entire kingdom with his or her persona, just as Hibbert exemplified of Charles. The question would therefore keep resonating as to what the kingdom can do about the personalities of its future leaders before they ascend the throne. From a very objective author’s point of view, Hibbert was doing nothing different from thinking aloud on the impact of King Charles’ personality on his people. To this end, Hibbert focused on two themes, which were the weight of power and management of power. From a close perspective of the author’s argument, one is quick to notice that Hibbert drums home the point that once a person ascends the throne, there is virtually nothing much that can be done to chance the personality of the person. It is for this

Jillian Michaels Biographical Essay Essay Example for Free

Jillian Michaels Biographical Essay Essay People tend to gain weight because they want to fill an emotional void. For many, this void get filled with food. Like a chasm, the void represents a deep hole that feels inescapable. Most people feel so insecure and weak, that the idea of losing weight seems insurmountable. Jillian Michaels, the trainer from The Biggest Loser, helps people overcome emotional obstacles that manifest themselves in their physical beings. Born in Los Angeles California, and raised in Santa Monica, Jillian carried around issues like that of any child. Devastated by her parents’ divorce, Jillian found herself struggling with weight problems in her early teens. At the age of twelve, Jillian weighed almost 175 pounds. Realizing Jillian’s weight problem, her mom signed her up for a martial arts class. Five years later, at the age of seventeen Jillian put her passion for fitness to work and became a personal trainer. Today, Jillian stands at 5’2†, and weighs about 125 pounds. Although petite, the rambunctious character shines through in her reality show The Biggest Loser. Oftentimes, Jillian screams, â€Å"Unless you puke, faint, or die, keep going!† As these words echo through the gym, Jillian Michaels gives out beatings to her contestants, weighing in at almost four hundred pounds, these people allowed themselves to become morbidly obese. Glued to a couch for years, you might, in fact, mistake these people for a bouncy house. In one day on The Biggest Loser, they go from zero movement to full-fledged cardio vascular activity. Using erratic techniques such as plyometrics, boxing, and circuit training, weight gets shredded by the pound. Most might say that Jillian Michaels comes off as intimidating and mean, mainly because she enjoys screaming at people and watching them drop like flies. Like a drill Sargent, Jillian Michaels yells at her contestants as if they were soldiers. Her scream, shrill and blood curdling, encourages and motivates. These contestants, basically on the edge of death, put their lives in the hands of Jillian Michaels. She only yells because she cares and wants to help these people save their lives. Exercise, especially on the Biggest Loser, holds considerable importance. However, Jillian finds it crucial to also eat healthy. While you do burn calories exercising, you can just as easily eat right through them. Jillian, of course, uses her own life as an example for how people should eat and live. Eating mainly organic, she doesn’t see the need to feed our bodies harsh preservatives and chemicals, such as Taco Bell. In many health magazines, Jillian also talks about portioning. She says as long as you eat fewer calories than you burn, you will lose weight. Although difficult, it definitely can be achieved. While considered uptight and neurotic, Jillian does, however, show a compassionate side. She pushes everyone until they break, or until their emotions start to bubble over. Latching on like a leach, Jillian starts to focus on the source of the problem. It is a reoccurring theme that obese people gain weight due to psychological factors. Well aware of this, Jillian uses it to her advantage. She finds the issue that made these people gain weight in the first place, and then helps them accept it. By discovering the original problem, these people start to better understand themselves. Jillian helps them realize why they gained weight, and this allows them to prevent it from happening again. Many people hire a personal trainer to get their butt kicked; or maybe to push them farther than they thought imaginable. With two reality shows, six books, and multiple fitness videos, we can conclude that Jillian Michaels is here to help. Jillian stresses the idea of exercise and healthy eating, while also encouraging the idea of therapy and clearing up your past. At first glance you might say that Jillian comes off as a simple TV character who doesn’t really care about anyone but herself. However, after thorough digging, the love Jillian shows for humanity becomes apparent. Finding drive or desire to exercise sometimes proves to be difficult. With Jillian Michaels’ help, you will find the support and inspiration you need to get off the couch and start moving. Making the world better one over weight person at a time, I hope to one-day give back to the world as much as Jillian Michaels.

The story of The Taming of the Shrew Essay Example for Free

The story of The Taming of the Shrew Essay How does each composers use of this story reflect the time in which each was composed?  Critical Response   The story of The Taming of the Shrew is one that raises important issues both in the classic Shakespearean text and in the modern appropriation 10 Things I Hate About You. Despite the differences in the style of language, medium used and the changed values, the idea behind the two is similar. In both texts, the story is of a wild girl, the shrew, who then goes through the process of being tamed by a man who is paid to marry her, or go out with her in the case of the film. The play is written by the great play writer, William Shakespeare, and the film is directed by Gil Junger. How women are viewed as and treated in society has changed over time and this is portrayed in the two different texts, and so is role of men. The nature of the relationship between men and women are also different between Shakespeares play and Jungers film. It is in the way that Shakespeare and Junger has composed each piece that differs it from each other, thus reflecting the difference in time and culture. The style of language used in the two texts is noticeably different. The Taming of the Shrew is a 16th century play written by the great William Shakespeare, whereas 10 Things I Hate About You is a modern appropriation of Shakespeares play. It is fairly obvious that there is a difference in the language style they have been written in different times and for different audiences. The Taming of the Shrew is written for an Elizabethan audience in the 16th century, who are used to Shakespeares style of writing, while Gil Jungers 10 Things I Hate About You is produced for a relatively younger audience and targeted to mainly high school students. The language style used has to suit the understanding levels of the targeted audience, and both texts fulfill that criteria. The style of language used reflect the time in which each was composed, the play is written in the 16th century with some of the other plays by Shakespeare and the film is made in the 20th century as it has modern dialogue. The only similarity they have in language style is when some characters in the 10 Things I Hate About You quote a bit of Shakespearean language and makes references to the play such as the school being named Padua High School. The form of the two texts are different as well, one is a classic five-act Shakespearean play compared to a 20th century teenage film. The different media show what time each was made in. The play is written in a period of time when going to the theatre was one of the only means of entertainment because cinemas and televisions have not yet been invented; the film is in full colour and also features a modern soundtrack therefore illustrating the fact that it was made more recently. Another obvious fact that shows the difference in time is that the values have changed between the time of Shakespeare and the 20th century. In The Taming of the Shrew, all women are supposed to act in the same way, like Bianca in the play, who is gentle and passive. In 10 Things I Hate About You, there are two clear perceptions of the women of the time, one who is still gentle but less passive and the other is independent and has a mind of her own. Both perceptions of women in the film are accepted in our post-feminist society, females have a stronger voice in the world but males still have more of dominance. Despite this, the plot has been changed to fit our post-feminist society, we would not allow or accept a woman to undergo total submission to a man. Women are no longer expected to attend on everything their husbands tell them to do and can have opinions of their own, and also be heard in the world compared to being conformists in the 16th century patriarchal society. Kat in the film is strong and actually has power the girls in the opening scene are afraid of her, she breaks school rules, she is able to talk back to her father, and she is able to walk away and leave her formal date near the end of the film. She is different and a non-conformist whereas in the play Katherina is tamed by the end of the play. The society now is one that accepts individualism. This shows that the role of women has changed significantly four centuries later, and values and context has changed but women are still more like Bianca, both in the play and film. The role of men in society has not changed as much as the role of women. Men do not conform to the standards of the society and they do not need to, as they are not expected to do so. In both texts, we can clearly see how the man constructs himself in the different characters. The audience gets a clear view of the role of men in society in both the play and the film. The nature of the relationship between men and women is similar but with just a little difference from the play to the film. In both, there is the sense of using money as a means of motivation to get Petruchio, or Patrick Verona in the film, to go for the shrew. In The Taming of the Shrew, Petruchio goes for Kate because of the dowry her father has to offer and Hortensio, who is a suitor to Bianca, makes an offer to pay Petruchio to go for Kate. In 10 Things I Hate About You, Patrick Verona is paid by Joey Dona, who wants Bianca for himself, to ask Kat out. Although money is involved in both texts, in the film Patrick falls for Kat, as being a shrew in the 20th century is more accepted and he does not seem to mind her being an individual. In the play, Kate is entirely tamed by Petruchio and has no say in any matters. This again shows that females in the 20th century are freer to do what they please. Lastly, another element that varies in the two texts is the role of the father. In Shakespeares play, Baptista plays the paternalistic role that has all power and authority over his two daughters; all the rules are enforced by him. In 10 Things I Hate About You, Kat and Biancas father is still trying to exercise this power and authority but he is more humane and allows rules to be altered according to the situation, and Bianca is allowed to date when Kat does because he believes Kat to be more mature and independent. In conclusion, the issues that are raised in the story of The Taming of the Shrew are carried onto the modern appropriation 10 Things I Hate About You. However, the two composers use different techniques, such as the style of writing and medium that differ from each other in the two texts. They also incorporate the values of the society at the time into their works, which means the latter version of the story has altered values and context because the society we live in now has since evolved from the Elizabethan times. Through the different elements used, each text reflects the time and culture in which it was composed.

Evaluating The Strategical Paradox In International Businesses Commerce Essay

Evaluating The Strategical Paradox In International Businesses Commerce Essay In order to evaluate the strategies paradox in current international business this document provides case study on pizza hut in which all strategies being analysed and challenges including the history of pizza hut. Thats really hard for an entrepreneur and for a management team to run a business. They have to face lot difficulties and hardships which some times involves high risk to control the business. Particularly if the business has extended internationally. In the food industry pizza hut is very well know and famous company. As company is famous the food pizza is also have become essential part of our food and in this world almost every person have tasted pizza so the demand of the product is high now a days so many companies have come in the market which are making pizzas. But pizza hut take away and restaurants are oldest in this industry they are serving people for more than 50 years. Pizza hut is still continue to polish and flourish their business and making more and more chains in all over the world. (Feedburner 2009) Now have a look on suitable techniques which helps the strategic analysis of the business of pizza hut to study and deal with the new trends and problems in the organization. At the start of this assignment the concise history of pizza hut will be given. Various methods will be used for the strategic analysis of the pizza hut. To analyse, how external environment effects pizza hut company PEST analysis is used for that very purpose. Strategic group analysis is used to examine the mobility barriers. In order to examine the competitive advantage in organization Porters Five Forces Analysis is used. Competitor analysis is also used to know how strong their competitors what abilities they have this is essential to measure the threats and opportunities in the specific food industry. (Feedburner 2009) HISTORY OF PIZZA HUT   Ã‚  Pizza hut was started on 15/06/1958 by tow brothers named Wichita and Kansas. Their main purpose was to open a pizza parlour that was quite new concept in 1950s but these tow brothers have sense the potential of this business. They started the business by borrowing 600$ from their mother and purchased used tools and equipments. They also rent a small shop to begin their business. So in that situation pizza hut established but in the 2nd year they open their 2nd store in Topeka then after ten years the pizza hut was owned 310 pizza shops at several points they were serving around millions of people. The year 1970 is very important in pizza hut organization because on that date pizza hut was listed in New York Stock Exchange and the symbol of pizza hut was PLZ. In 1986 pizza hut owned 5025 stores. All these branches was in United States and half of these stores was franchised. In the same year pizza hut started the idea of delivery service so in this year the total amount of sa le of the company was 2 billion dollars. In 1990 the total amount of sales of company all over the world becomes 4 billion dollars. In 1996 the company has the largest shares of the market and that was 46.4% in the same year the sales of the company in home markets that was United States has become 5 million dollars. In 1998 they started their promotion The Best Pizzas under one Roof they celebrate the 40th anniversary of pizza hut in 2007. (Reade, 2008) Mission statement of pizza hut We take pride in making a perfect pizza and providing courteous and helpful service on time, all the time. Every customer says, Ill be back!   (Frank,Carney 1958) Pizza hut has bit different approach regarding their restaurants like pizza hut restaurant look different from other restaurants because in all restaurants they have very prominent red roofs and specific design. In every restaurant they have facility to serve from 60 to 90 peoples to eat-in. For last some decades pizza hut is not dominate on this industry because lot of new restaurants have opened and the competition has become more challenging. So in order to remain prominent and successful in the pizza industry and to compete their rivals they have to be very careful regarding the new trends and approaches, which have become popular in this industry to examine these new trends. They have to use appropriate methods, tools and techniques. (Candis 2008) IMPACT ANALYSIS In business zone external environment is truly very important it plays leading role to affect a business. In 2005 pizza hut used PEST analysis to determine and identify the external factors that have great impact on business at that time. In fact PEST analysis was a supporting tool for pizza hut at that time to become prominent in the business region in all over the world. Thats the best tool which can be used to assess the external environmental factors which was affecting the pizza hut. That was really essential to recognise and understand these external factor to over come the business problems. PEST analysis proved very useful for this purpose. PEST analysis is the abbreviation of Political, Economic, Social, and Technological Factors. Pest analysis is that tool or framework which can classify the environmental pressures as a political, economic, social and technological forces. In the pest analysis some time we need to add tow more factors to make better analysis these factors a re environment and legal issues. The pest analysis observes the force or impact of each factor how does they affect the business and how they interplay with each other as well. By observing these factors we got some results, which we use to make instant strategic business plans. So in that way pest analysis helps us to make strategic plans and improves business growth. (Byars 1991). POLITICAL FACTORS It means the rules and strategies of the government where pizza hut is situated either because of the local state affects how the business should be conduct or world wide factors involves. The environment created by political and officially authorise, for the business is supportive or not these things affects the business very much for example if the policies are supportive then pizza hut can open more and more restaurants in this kind of state where the government is business friendly but if the government is not business friendly then pizza hut can move to that area where government policies are favourable for the business. In the favourable business environment policies should be like that which protects the business. (Cooper 2000). ECONOMIC FACTORS These factors are totally concerned with the general prospective of the economy. The over all economy of the state always has a large impact on the business like Pizza hut. The factors concerned with economy are inflation rate, unemployment, the gross domestic commodities and the foreign buy and sell deficit and surplus. If as a whole the economy of the state is not encouraging or favourable these there is very less chance that people will prepare to take pizza hut franchises because there is chance of losing money instead of profit. (Cooper 2000). SOCIAL FACTORS   Thats really difficult to understand and enumerate the thoughts, believe and feelings of people so thats why it is considered that this factor is most difficult to deal. In the analysis of social factors the life expectation of people and population is also very important we need to figure out these tow things as well to get the true result of analysis. These thoughts, attitude and believes have string impact on the pizza hut business. The big example of this is that in all Muslim countries, the pizza hut prepares a food without including pork because Muslims do not eat pork so all food recipes in Muslim countries are without pork. Similarly in India people do not eat beef because of their religious believes so in pizza hut they prepare food, which do not have beef. All recipes are without beef. In the same way changing trend in the taste of buyer is also very important, with the passage of time their taste is change so in order to be successful in the food industry that external ana lysis is really essential. Like nowadays Thai and Japanese food is really in people like these kind of food so pizza hut can start Thai soup to retain their customers similarly can add more Thai and Japanese dishes. In today life society is becoming more and more health conscious so people want healthy food and it varies to region to region as well in some countries people don not bother these kind to care so as a whole company should provide the product according to the customer needs. That will be helpful to increase and expand business. Companies each policy should be like encouraging for customer demand that will obviously have positive impact on pizza hut business. (Cooper 2000). TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS   The technology is becoming more and more advance day by day that have huge impact on the business. The factors which affect the business are internet and ecommerce, and research and development, and new skill, equipments and tools. By the research and development companies are introducing new products in the market so in order to compete them pizza hut should be prepared and should have their R D unit. Through internet and ecommerce people have easy access to the market and they can check several offers and promotion by sitting home only by clicking one button so business is become very challenging. People can give feedback for new products as well through internet. So all these new technologies are really affecting business. If pizza hut want to be successful in the market and be prominent then company must be update regarding new technologies and developments. If pizza hut is good enough in internet and ecommerce then company is serving customers very well so pizza hut can take fe edback from customers regarding their new products which would be very helpful for R D unit as well so all these new technologies are inter liked. Company can take completive advantage by analysing and introducing new technologies. (Cooper 2000). STRATEGIC GROUP ANALYSIS Strategic group analysis can be explained as its a systematic technique which gives us detailed overview of different approaches used by rivals in the market by analysing these approaches to suggest indicator for the performance of company. Strategic group analysis can be functional in five steps in the organization.(Bensoussan, Babette 2003) ANALYSE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE For the industry structure analysis of pizza hut market, Porters five forces industry analysis is appropriate and that may be used for this analysis. THREATS OF NEW ENTRANTS In Portes five forces one force is new entrance in the business in every industry. In every industry there is big trouble for companies to face new entrance similarly there is big threat for pizza hut as well for new entrance as food business is becoming more and more popular so there is good profit margin as well so many people like this industry and there are various new faces have been seen in the food market. These new companies use different approaches to attract the customers like they might offer cheap rates as compared to the well reputed brands for the same standard of product to break their customers and to increase their sales. If it will happen in food industry then there is possibility that pizza hut may lose their customers and they may move to wards new entrance so for the self-defence of pizza hut from new entrance, it is essential that company should be prepared and should make measures to oppose these kind of approach utilised by new companies in the food industry. By doing these plannings they can be safe from new entrance. (Grundy 2006) BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS So 2nd force, in Porters five forces model is bargaining power of the supplier. We can explain it like that in every business the persons who are supplying raw material can control the prices of goods. Or it is the ability of the supplier to manage the cost of the raw materials and supply of raw material, which they are providing to the organizations. Like other companies pizza hut is also using raw material and there are bundle of suppliers who are supplying products. So pizza hut can have lots of options in order to reduce that power from supplied to company like they can use alternatives products that are lower price or they can purchase raw material in large volume so that the supplier can not change their prices. Or the third option is that if they are thinking that their supplier are not providing goods on appropriate price. they can change the supplier and can choose that supplier which is offering them cheaper prices so in that way they can control suppliers hold on the raw m aterial and can provide good quality product in reasonable price to customer. (Wylie 2009) THREATS OF SUBSTITUTION The third force in the Porters five forces is threats of substitute products the explanation of that factor is that in the market some products can come which can perform patter and available on cheaper price than the actual product so by these products the demand of actual products decreases and ultimately the relevant business company will get trouble. But in the case of pizza hut there is very little chance to come substitution product but there is chance like nowadays lot of sandwiches have come in the market which have almost same place in the market as pizzas so these sandwiches even have pizza taste and flavours. So that substitution threat can be dangerous for pizza hut, company must plane to oppose this king of threats. (Wylie 2009) BARGAINING POWER OF THE BUYERS Forth force in Porters five forces is bargaining power of buyer, there are tow possibilities in this factor either the consumer power should be high or low. If the consumer bargaining power is low then its very easy for the industry to penetrate in the market infect, can be explained as the market environment is positive and it allows the company to enter and expand their business. But if the buyer bargaining power is high then its very difficult for a company to enter in the market so in the case of pizza hut the customer bargaining power is very low because every person like pizzas and there are very few players who are providing services to the people so its very easy for pizza hut to enter and penetrate in the market in any part of the world because this product is famous all over the world. (Wylie 2009) DEGREE OF INTERNAL RIVALRY The fifth factor in the Porters five forces model is degree of internal rivals. In the factor there is also tow possibilities one is the relevant company have strong competition and have high-level of rivals and the second possibility is that the relevant company have very less competition and low-level of rivals in the market. Pizza hut have very strong completion in the market and its rivals are in very strong position like Dominos pizza have very tough competition with pizza hut as pizza hut is international company its market is very wide so there is more competitors for pizza hut. So in order to dominant on the market pizza hut have to offer high quality product on cheaper price so that there rivals can not move pizza huts customers. Pizza hut should be active regarding advertising and promotions to hold on the food market other wise they will lose their customers. There process and promotions should be attractive for the customers so that they can retain their customers. There promotion should be favourable than dominos and other pizza companies with the high quality of product. (Wylie 2009) MAP THE STRATEGIC GROUPS In order to plane the strategic group, Pizza hut have to list the related and important contestant into the strategic group. After listing these competitors the senior management of the pizza hut should always see the following. MOBILITY BARRIERS There are very small hurdles into the pizza parlours due to these low barriers in this industry, it is not essential that the workers should be highly experienced. BARGAINING POWER In the case of pizza hut the bargaining power of suppler is very low so thats why threats are also low in the same way bargaining power of customer is very little so due to this less bargaining power of consumer there is less chance of threat. But pizza hut should always be alert to the changing environment of the business. (Feedburner 2009) THREAT OF SUBSTITUTION As explained in mobility barriers and in bargaining power of buyer and supplier, the threats to the substitute product is also low but there is chance of substitute product like nowadays sandwiches have the same pizza flavours but its very weak threat for pizza hut because till now these sandwiches does not take the place of pizza but pizza hut should be updated with the new substitutions and should always be prepare to oppose them. (Feedburner 2009) RIVALRY FROM OTHER STRATEGIC GROUPS As mentioned in the Porters five forces analysis in the food industry there are very strong rivals and thats really difficult to compete these rivals. In the case of pizza hut Dominoes is the main competitor company. So in order to compete Dominoes and other pizza companies, its essential that pizza hut should updated their menus and they provide good customer service and serve the customer in a good way like they should provide good quality product on cheap rate as compared to the rivals. If pizza hut will care about these techniques then it would be on the top in the market of food industry. (Feedburner 2009) GAUGE THE STRENGTH OF BARRIERS BETWEEN GROUPS In order to measure the potency of the hurdle and difficulties, pizza hut must follow the five steps. The first step is to settle on the factors which are caused to prevent organizations in the strategic group to fight with other companies in another group. Second step is that pizza hut must recognise the force of bargaining power among the suppliers and consumers and also be aware of the strength of strategic groups and industry. Third step is to recognise the threats of alternative products among the strategic group. Fourth step is to study the power or strength of the competitors among the strategic groups and the last step is to make use of Portals five forces analysis on the strategic groups. (Feedburner 2009) UNDERSTAND THE STRATEGY OF THE FIRM VIS A VIS STRATEGIC GROUPS INTERACTION In order to understand the strategy of the pizza hut select the pizza hut as a member in the main strategic group. And analyse the strength and weaknesses of the pizza hut by using porters five forces analysis model of the strategic group. Decide the strategic group which can offer the best opportunity to use the power of the company and can reduce the weaknesses of pizza hut. (Byars 1991) IDENTIFY THE APPROPRIATE STRATEGIC RESPONSES In order to recognise the correct response in the development of the foodstuff industry. It is essential for pizza hut to analyse the threats and opportunities which occurs with the changes in the business. there could be tow type of strategic response which can be utilised in order to compete the challenges these two are named as intensely proactive and mildly proactive. So from the above analysis of pizza hut there are some positive scenario and some negative aspects have been seen in the Pizza hut company. First have a look on positive aspect of Pizza hut which is based on the deep analysis. According to analysis pizza hut will enter in the different food markets in all over the world and there business will grow and business will expand it may increase its market shares as well. There are very bright chances for pizza hut to penetrate in different markets as a result business growth will increase. Now have a look on negative aspects of pizza hut, in negative scenario there are po ssibilities of alternative products which can reduce the sale of pizza hut. There would be more competition in the food market for future and there is possibilities of new entrance in the food industry because there is very good potential and bright chances for business of new comers. Due to these new entries pizza hut business may affect so they have to be planned to compete these challenges then competition with rivals would be stronger in future so they have to make their policies good to fulfil the market requirements. They might need to expand their research and development units and they may need to invest more on new technologies in order to facilitates the customer By doing this they can may able to oppose the rivals otherwise there is chance that they may lose there customers. (Byars 1991) CONCLUSION Change is very important thing in business and in every business changes take place these changes bring various trends and flavours in the surroundings or in environment. In order to deal with changes in a better way managers and owners of business use different strategies. These strategies helps to make better decisions regarding these changes. Pizza hut is very huge food company and its well know almost in every country of the world there is one or two or more restaurants of pizza hut. For last 48 years pizza hut is serving peoples and considered one of the leading organizations in food industry. For last few years pizza hut is facing lots of challenges one of the big challenge was new entrance in this particular field. These new companies have become big threat for pizza hut as these organizations tried to change the taste of pizza hut customers. But pizza hut made very good strategies to compete these challenges and get dominant on these companies. (Feedburner 2009)   REFERENCES: BOOKS Kimberly Wylie (2009).  Smurfit-Stone Container Corporation : GRIN Verlag. 7-10. Bensoussan, Babette (2003).  Strategic and Competitive Analysis. Upper Sadlle River, NJ: Prentice Hall . 22-30. Byars, L. (1991)  Strategic Management, Formulation and Implementation Concepts and Cases, New York: HarperCollins. ARTICLES Cooper, L. (2000) Strategic  marketing planning  for radically new products, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 64 Issue 1, pp.1-15. Tony Grundy. (26 Oct 2006). Rethinking and reinventing Michael Porters five forces model.  . 15 , 5. Candis Reade. (14/10/2008). History of Pizza Hut, 3. WED SITES Frank and Dan Carney. (1958).  Mission statement.  Available: http://www.pizzahuthawaii.com/about/mission.html. Last accessed 20th Nov 2010.   Feedburner. (September 30, 2009).  International business of pizza hut.Available: http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2009/09/international-business-of-pizza-hut.html. Last accessed 20th Nov 2010.  

An Immense Career Essays -- English Literature

An Immense Career Career Willa Cather, American novelist and short-story writer, was born Willela Sibert Cather on 7 December 1873, in Back Creek Valley, Virginia, near Winchester. At nine years of age, in 1883, her family moved to Red Cloud, Nebraska. Many of her novels were set in Red Cloud. She attended the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, and graduated in 1895. She spent a few years after college working on a newspaper, and then worked an editorial job at the magazine Home Monthly in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She then wrote reviews for the Pittsburgh Leader. In 1903, she published a book of poetry, April Twilights, and she moved to New York City in 1904. She met Edith Lewis the same year, whom she later shares an apartment with in 1908, and they live together until her death (The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia). Next, she taught high school in Pittsburgh in 1895, then moved to NY City to work on the editorial staff of McClure's magazine in 1906 (Crane: 218, 256). Ultimately, she saved McClure's magazine from financial disaster, after she became managing editor (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia). In 1908, she befriends Sarah Orne Jewett, an inspiration for Cather's later works (Crane, 198). Cather is most widely recognized for her chronicles of western pioneer America. She won the Pulitzer Prize in 1925 for One of Ours. Cather died 24 April 1947, at 73 years of age, and is buried in New Hampshire (Crane, Editorial). Cather worked careers as a journalist, an editor, and a fiction writer - but her first publication was a poetry collection, April Twilights (1903). The birthplace of her writing career was Pittsburgh, as Cather noted (North Side: Willa Cather). She moved to New York City in 1904, an... ..." Harvard University, June 1987. Cather, Willa. O Pioneers, Willa Cather Scholarly Edition. Rosowski,Susan J. Mignon, Charles W. Danker, Kathleen. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1992. Adams, Frederick B. Foreword in Willa Cather: A Bibliography, The University of Nebraska Press, 1982. "Language and Being in Cather's "The Professor's House: A Look Back and Forth from Thoreau to Nietzsche and Heidegger."" An Essay by Frank H. W. Edler. Metropolitan Community College Omaha, Nebraska. Copyright  © 2000, Frank Edler Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Columbia University Press, 2000. Reclaiming History. [http://www.uic.edu/depts/quic/history/willa_cather.html], 11 March 2002 North Side: Willa Cather. [http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/northside/nor_n111.html], 11 March 2002

Hubert de Givenchy Essay -- Biography

A. Background of the designer. Hubert de Givenchy was born on February 20, 1927 in Beauvais, France. When he was young his father died, leaving him to be raised by his mother and grandfather. His wealthy family never approved of Givenchy’s love for fashion and instead wanted him to attend college and pursue a career in law. Eventually he attended college achieving his career in law but realized his love for fabrics and fashion was stronger (In influential fashion, 2002). Givenchy’s love for fashion grew when at the age of ten he attended the Pavillon d’ Elegance Paris Exposition. Once looking through Vogue magazine, he was inspired by Balenciaga men’s wear. He wanted to be a couturier and attended Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, to start a formal education in fashion. His designing inspirations came from Elsa Schiaparelli and Madam Gres’s work. His experience also came from working at the House of Piguet in Paris; this salon was known for its dramatic yet simple style and after, at the House of Lelong that was known for their high quality clothing. Those positions gave him knowledge on how to work with couture customers and gave him an opportunity to build strong relationships with them (Press, 2002). At age 25 he opened his first collection and it was a big success, inspired by his mentor Balenciaga. The collection was based on evening wear as well as economical white cotton shirts that were both inexpensive and fresh-looking. After that collection, his name was recognizable and his biggest success was the â€Å"Bettina† blouse; named after the famous Paris’ top model. This blouse was his signature piece in his cotton collection. Givenchy’s philosophy was: â€Å"Keep it simple. Eliminate everything that interferes with the line.† ... ...on to $20 million has been labeled for advertising worldwide. (Born, 2010) Most of Givenchy’s collections produced and designed in Italy and produced in France by apparel manufacturer Bidermann. His designs of junior sportswear that was made by American manufactures with American fabrics. E. Givenchy’s influence in Fashion Givenchy greatly influenced the fashion world. He is known for his classic dresses, elegance, glamour, and flowing lines. His designs in the 50s and 60s are the base of classic. Some of his vintage dresses can frequently be seen on the red carpets. He helped Audrey Hepburn to shape her unique style and made it flawless. Her little black dress from movie Breakfast at Tiffany’s made a history and opened a new chapter in the fashion world. House of Givenchy is on a new chapter with Italian Riccardo Tisci continuous Givenchy’s elegant style.

Mother teresa Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"Life is beauty, admire it. Life is a dream, realize it. Life is wealth, keep it. Life is a promise, fulfill it. Life is a song, sing it. Life is too precious, do not destroy it. Life is life, fight for it!† were the lines of Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu who is now known as the famous Mother Teresa. Mother Teresa born to an Albanian family on August 26th, 1910 in a city called Skopje, Serbia. As a child, Agnes lived in a quite favorable house and was educated in local schools. Her father was a building contractor while her mother was a homemaker. At the age of nine Agnes father died leaving her mom to raise her and her two elder siblings. Mrs. Bojaxhiu embroidered clothes that got her a daily income to raise her children. Since a young age Agnes helped poor people by giving them food to eat and clothes to wear. At the age of twelve she decided that she wanted to become a nun. When she was eighteen she left her family and house knowing that she would never see them again. Studying in Ireland for a year to become a nun she took another step ahead and went to India. There she took her final vows of becoming a nun and adopted the name Sister Teresa in honor of Therese of Lisieux. She worked in a school in Calcutta, India for many years proving herself as a good teacher and principal. When she saw dead bodies on streets and everyday miseries of Calcutta she convinced herself that she should be working among the poor and desperate people of Calcutta rather than rich. Sister Teresa reques...

International finance manager Essay

Bob Swan is the International Finance Officer to eBay Inc. He is also the senior vice president to the company. He is responsible for eBay’s finance function including controllership, tax, treasury, financial planning and analysis, audit, mergers and acquisitions, and investors relations. He has worked for Electronic Data Systems Corporation (EDS) as an executive vice president. He has also served as Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and executive vice president at TRW, Inc. , held an executive-level position at Webvan Group, Inc. His career started with General Electric in 1985 where he spent 15 years while serving at different positions such as corporate audit staff and CFO at GE Medical Systems-Europe and GE transportation Systems. Bob holds a bachelor of science in business administration from State University of New York at Buffalo. He also has a master of Business Administration from SUNY Binghamton. (eBayExecutiveTeam 2010). Risks management eBay as an online marketplace faces a number of risks. It list millions of items across thousands of diverse categories, including antiques, books, toys, sports, computers, photography and electronics and others. It has to manage operational risks and regulatory and legal issues. The company focuses on building trust and safety for trade to its customers. This is ensured through rules and policies, trust building programmes, various educational resources which help in maintaining general marketplace security and prevent fraud. The company also works with law enforcers and government agencies in the world so as to enforce its policies. Its trading policies are rooted in the values of the eBay market place. It seeks to encourage open, honest, and accountable transactions. It also seeks for feedback from the customers so as to ensure good services. The company also has an eBay safety Center to ensure buying and selling safety. (About eBay 2010; Philippe 2009).

A Game of Thrones Chapter Seven

Arya Arya's stitches were crooked again. She frowned down at them with dismay and glanced over to where her sister Sansa sat among the other girls. Sansa's needlework was exquisite. Everyone said so. â€Å"Sansa's work is as pretty as she is,† Septa Mordane told their lady mother once. â€Å"She has such fine, delicate hands.† When Lady Catelyn had asked about Arya, the septa had sniffed. â€Å"Arya has the hands of a blacksmith.† Arya glanced furtively across the room, worried that Septa Mordane might have read her thoughts, but the septa was paying her no attention today. She was sitting with the Princess Myrcella, all smiles and admiration. It was not often that the septa was privileged to instruct a royal princess in the womanly arts, as she had said when the queen brought Myrcella to join them. Arya thought that Myrcella's stitches looked a little crooked too, but you would never know it from the way Septa Mordane was cooing. She studied her own work again, looking for some way to salvage it, then sighed and put down the needle. She looked glumly at her sister. Sansa was chatting away happily as she worked. Beth Cassel, Ser Rodrik's little girl, was sitting by her feet, listening to every word she said, and Jeyne Poole was leaning over to whisper something in her ear. â€Å"What are you talking about?† Arya asked suddenly. Jeyne gave her a startled look, then giggled. Sansa looked abashed. Beth blushed. No one answered. â€Å"Tell me,† Arya said. Jeyne glanced over to make certain that Septa Mordane was not listening. Myrcella said something then, and the septa laughed along with the rest of the ladies. â€Å"We were talking about the prince,† Sansa said, her voice soft as a kiss. Arya knew which prince she meant: Jofftey, of course. The tall, handsome one. Sansa got to sit with him at the feast. Arya had to sit with the little fat one. Naturally. â€Å"Joffrey likes your sister,† Jeyne whispered, proud as if she had something to do with it. She was the daughter of Winterfell's steward and Sansa's dearest friend. â€Å"He told her she was very beautiful.† â€Å"He's going to marry her,† little Beth said dreamily, hugging herself. â€Å"Then Sansa will be queen of all the realm.† Sansa had the grace to blush. She blushed prettily. She did everything prettily, Arya thought with dull resentment. â€Å"Beth, you shouldn't make up stories,† Sansa corrected the younger girl, gently stroking her hair to take the harshness out of her words. She looked at Arya. â€Å"What did you think of Prince Joff, sister? He's very gallant, don't you think?† â€Å"Jon says he looks like a girl,† Arya said. Sansa sighed as she stitched. â€Å"Poor Jon,† she said. â€Å"He gets jealous because he's a bastard.† â€Å"He's our brother,† Arya said, much too loudly. Her voice cut through the afternoon quiet of the tower room. Septa Mordane raised her eyes. She had a bony face, sharp eyes, and a thin lipless mouth made for frowning. It was frowning now. â€Å"What are you talking about, children?† â€Å"Our half brother,† Sansa corrected, soft and precise. She smiled for the septa. â€Å"Arya and I were remarking on how pleased we were to have the princess with us today,† she said. Septa Mordane nodded. â€Å"Indeed. A great honor for us all.† Princess Myrcella smiled uncertainly at the compliment. â€Å"Arya, why aren't you at work?† the septa asked. She rose to her feet, starched skirts rustling as she started across the room. â€Å"Let me see your stitches.† Arya wanted to scream. It was just like Sansa to go and attract the septa's attention. â€Å"Here,† she said, surrendering up her work. The septa examined the fabric. â€Å"Arya, Arya, Arya,† she said. â€Å"This will not do. This will not do at all.† Everyone was looking at her. It was too much. Sansa was too well bred to smile at her sister's disgrace, but Jeyne was smirking on her behalf. Even Princess Myrcella looked sorry for her. Arya felt tears filling her eyes. She pushed herself out of her chair and bolted for the door. Septa Mordane called after her. â€Å"Arya, come back here! Don't you take another step! Your lady mother will hear of this. In front of our royal princess too! You'll shame us all!† Arya stopped at the door and turned back, biting her lip. The tears were running down her cheeks now. She managed a stiff little bow to Myrcella. â€Å"By your leave, my lady.† Myrcella blinked at her and looked to her ladies for guidance. But if she was uncertain, Septa Mordane was not. â€Å"Just where do you think you are going, Arya?† the septa demanded. Arya glared at her. â€Å"I have to go shoe a horse,† she said sweetly, taking a brief satisfaction in the shock on the septa's face. Then she whirled and made her exit, running down the steps as fast as her feet would take her. It wasn't fair. Sansa had everything. Sansa was two years older; maybe by the time Arya had been born, there had been nothing left. Often it felt that way. Sansa could sew and dance and sing. She wrote poetry. She knew how to dress. She played the high harp and the bells. Worse, she was beautiful. Sansa had gotten their mother's fine high cheekbones and the thick auburn hair of the Tullys. Arya took after their lord father. Her hair was a lusterless brown, and her face was long and solemn. Jeyne used to call her Arya Horseface, and neigh whenever she came near. It hurt that the one thing Arya could do better than her sister was ride a horse. Well, that and manage a household. Sansa had never had much of a head for figures. If she did marry Prince Joff, Arya hoped for his sake that he had a good steward. Nymeria was waiting for her in the guardroom at the base of the stairs. She bounded to her feet as soon as she caught sight of Arya. Arya grinned. The wolf pup loved her, even if no one else did. They went everywhere together, and Nymeria slept in her room, at the foot of her bed. If Mother had not forbidden it, Arya would gladly have taken the wolf with her to needlework. Let Septa Mordane complain about her stitches then. Nymeria nipped eagerly at her hand as Arya untied her. She had yellow eyes. When they caught the sunlight, they gleamed like two golden coins. Arya had named her after the warrior queen of the Rhoyne, who had led her people across the narrow sea. That had been a great scandal too. Sansa, of course, had named her pup â€Å"Lady.† Arya made a face and hugged the wolfling tight. Nymeria licked her ear, and she giggled. By now Septa Mordane would certainly have sent word to her lady mother. If she went to her room, they would find her. Arya did not care to be found. She had a better notion. The boys were at practice in the yard. She wanted to see Robb put gallant Prince Joffrey flat on his back. â€Å"Come,† she whispered to Nymeria. She got up and ran, the wolf coming hard at her heels. There was a window in the covered bridge between the armory and the Great Keep where you had a view of the whole yard. That was where they headed. They arrived, flushed and breathless, to find Jon seated on the sill, one leg drawn up languidly to his chin. He was watching the action, so absorbed that he seemed unaware of her approach until his white wolf moved to meet them. Nymeria stalked closer on wary feet. Ghost, already larger than his litter mates, smelled her, gave her ear a careful nip, and settled back down. Jon gave her a curious look. â€Å"Shouldn't you be working on your stitches, little sister?† Arya made a face at him. â€Å"I wanted to see them fight.† He smiled. â€Å"Come here, then.† Arya climbed up on the window and sat beside him, to a chorus of thuds and grunts from the yard below. To her disappointment, it was the younger boys drilling. Bran was so heavily padded he looked as though he had belted on a featherbed, and Prince Tommen, who was plump to begin with, seemed positively round. They were huffing and puffing and hitting at each other with padded wooden swords under the watchful eye of old Ser Rodrik Cassel, the master-at-arms, a great stout keg of a man with magnificent white cheek whiskers. A dozen spectators, man and boy, were calling out encouragement, Robb's voice the loudest among them. She spotted Theon Greyjoy beside him, his black doublet emblazoned with the golden kraken of his House, a look of wry contempt on his face. Both of the combatants were staggering. Arya judged that they had been at it awhile. â€Å"A shade more exhausting than needlework,† Jon observed. â€Å"A shade more fun than needlework,† Arya gave back at him. Jon grinned, reached over, and messed up her hair. Arya flushed. They had always been close. Jon had their father's face, as she did. They were the only ones. Robb and Sansa and Bran and even little Rickon all took after the Tullys, with easy smiles and fire in their hair. When Arya had been little, she had been afraid that meant that she was a bastard too. It been Jon she had gone to in her fear, and Jon who had reassured her. â€Å"Why aren't you down in the yard?† Arya asked him. He gave her a half smile. â€Å"Bastards are not allowed to damage young princes,† he said. â€Å"Any bruises they take in the practice yard must come from trueborn swords.† â€Å"Oh.† Arya felt abashed. She should have realized. For the second time today, Arya reflected that life was not fair. She watched her little brother whack at Tommen. â€Å"I could do just as good as Bran,† she said. â€Å"He's only seven. I'm nine.† Jon looked her over with all his fourteen-year-old wisdom. â€Å"You're too skinny,† he said. He took her arm to feel her muscle. Then he sighed and shook his head. â€Å"I doubt you could even lift a longsword, little sister, never mind swing one.† Arya snatched back her arm and glared at him. Jon messed up her hair again. They watched Bran and Tommen circle each other. â€Å"You see Prince Joffrey?† Jon asked. She hadn't, not at first glance, but when she looked again she found him to the back, under the shade of the high stone wall. He was surrounded by men she did not recognize, young squires in the livery of Lannister and Baratheon, strangers all. There were a few older men among them; knights, she surmised. â€Å"Look at the arms on his surcoat,† Jon suggested. Arya looked. An ornate shield had been embroidered on the prince's padded surcoat. No doubt the needlework was exquisite. The arms were pided down the middle; on one side was the crowned stag of the royal House, on the other the lion of Lannister. â€Å"The Lannisters are proud,† Jon observed. â€Å"You'd think the royal sigil would be sufficient, but no. He makes his mother's House equal in honor to the king's.† â€Å"The woman is important too!† Arya protested. Jon chuckled. â€Å"Perhaps you should do the same thing, little sister. Wed Tully to Stark in your arms.† â€Å"A wolf with a fish in its mouth?† It made her laugh. â€Å"That would look silly. Besides, if a girl can't fight, why should she have a coat of arms?† Jon shrugged. â€Å"Girls get the arms but not the swords. Bastards get the swords but not the arms. I did not make the rules, little sister.† There was a shout from the courtyard below. Prince Tommen was rolling in the dust, trying to get up and failing. All the padding made him look like a turtle on its back. Bran was standing over him with upraised wooden sword, ready to whack him again once he regained his feet. The men began to laugh. â€Å"Enough!† Ser Rodrik called out. He gave the prince a hand and yanked him back to his feet. â€Å"Well fought. Lew, Donnis, help them out of their armor.† He looked around. â€Å"Prince Joffrey, Robb, will you go another round?† Robb, already sweaty from a previous bout, moved forward eagerly. â€Å"Gladly.† Joffrey moved into the sunlight in response to Rodrik's summons. His hair shone like spun gold. He looked bored. â€Å"This is a game for children, Ser Rodrik.† Theon Greyjoy gave a sudden bark of laughter. â€Å"You are children,† he said derisively. â€Å"Robb may be a child,† Joffrey said. â€Å"I am a prince. And I grow tired of swatting at Starks with a play sword.† â€Å"You got more swats than you gave, Joff,† Robb said. â€Å"Are you afraid?† Prince Joffrey looked at him. â€Å"Oh, terrified,† he said. â€Å"You're so much older.† Some of the Lannister men laughed. Jon looked down on the scene with a frown. â€Å"Joffrey is truly a little shit,† he told Arya. Ser Rodrik tugged thoughtfully at his white whiskers. â€Å"What are you suggesting?† he asked the prince. â€Å"Live steel.† â€Å"Done,† Robb shot back. â€Å"You'll be sorry!† The master-at-arms put a hand on Robb's shoulder to quiet him. â€Å"Live steel is too dangerous. I will permit you tourney swords, with blunted edges.† Joffrey said nothing, but a man strange to Arya, a tall knight with black hair and burn scars on his face, pushed forward in front of the prince. â€Å"This is your prince. Who are you to tell him he may not have an edge on his sword, ser?† â€Å"Master-at-arms of Winterfell, Clegane, and you would do well not to forget it.† â€Å"Are you training women here?† the burned man wanted to know. He was muscled like a bull. â€Å"I am training knights,† Ser Rodrik said pointedly. â€Å"They will have steel when they are ready. When they are of an age.† The burned man looked at Robb. â€Å"How old are you, boy?† â€Å"Fourteen,† Robb said. â€Å"I killed a man at twelve. You can be sure it was not with a blunt sword.† Arya could see Robb bristle. His pride was wounded. He turned on Ser Rodrik. â€Å"Let me do it. I can beat him.† â€Å"Beat him with a tourney blade, then,† Ser Rodrik said. Joffrey shrugged. â€Å"Come and see me when you're older, Stark. If you're not too old.† There was laughter from the Lannister men. Robb's curses rang through the yard. Arya covered her mouth in shock. Theon Greyjoy seized Robb's arm to keep him away from the prince. Ser Rodrik tugged at his whiskers in dismay. Joffrey feigned a yawn and turned to his younger brother. â€Å"Come, Tommen,† he said. â€Å"The hour of play is done. Leave the children to their frolics.† That brought more laughter from the Lannisters, more curses from Robb. Ser Rodrik's face was beet-red with fury under the white of his whiskers. Theon kept Robb locked in an iron grip until the princes and their party were safely away. Jon watched them leave, and Arya watched Jon. His face had grown as still as the pool at the heart of the godswood. Finally he climbed down off the window. â€Å"The show is done,† he said. He bent to scratch Ghost behind the ears. The white wolf rose and rubbed against him. â€Å"You had best run back to your room, little sister. Septa Mordane will surely be lurking. The longer you hide, the sterner the penance. You'll be sewing all through winter. When the spring thaw comes, they will find your body with a needle still locked tight between your frozen fingers.† Arya didn't think it was funny. â€Å"I hate needlework!† she said with passion. â€Å"It's not fair!† â€Å"Nothing is fair,† Jon said. He messed up her hair again and walked away from her, Ghost moving silently beside him. Nymeria started to follow too, then stopped and came back when she saw that Arya was not coming. Reluctantly she turned in the other direction. It was worse than Jon had thought. It wasn't Septa Mordane waiting in her room. It was Septa Mordane and her mother.

Pans labyrinth

To start off, I am absolutely speechless. I honestly don't know how to feel after watching and researching the movie as well as its concepts. Watching Pan's Labyrinth gave me so much more than Just a cultural connection. In the beginning, I Immediately thought â€Å"what is this? What am I watching? â€Å". I paused the movie midway lust to do a background check on the author! I think that Guillemot De Tort did a fabulous Job directing this movie. There were no famous actors In the movie but I can't even tell you how many times my mother yelled at me for my outbursts.For mineral background information to the story, It takes place In Spain during the Spanish Civil War In 1944. Beginning In July of 1963 and ending on April 1st, 1969, the war highlighted Socialism vs.. Fascism. Spain was once a very powerful country, but was In ruins before the 20th century. The Spaniards were divided Into different forms of government. The monarchists were very conservative while the Catholics refuse d to reform. Those who wanted a republic believed the country needed reformation In areas such as agriculture, regionalism, the church and the army.Francisco Franco represented the fascist and monarchs and eventually won the war in 1939. He left half a million people dead from the war and established a dictatorship. Franco also received military support from Hitler (l find it ironic they strongly resembled each other in the movie) and Mussolini. Guillemot held a great balance between the history and fairy tale concepts of the movie. The story started off by telling its' viewers that a king was waiting for the lost soul of his dead daughter.Soon things renditions to a young girl named Offline and her pregnant mother, Carmen. They were riding to see Franco, to whom Offline was told to call father. Throughout the story, Carmen is very ill and soon stops the car. Offline wonders off and finds a stone on the ground as well as the statue it belongs to. She fixes it, in turn finding a fair y that follows her. That night, the fairy leads her to a labyrinth where she finds a faun. This mystical creature identifies her as the lost princess.

Review ways in which minimum core elements can be demonstrated in assessing learners Essay

The main points I have learnt from this assessment/task are; We can embed minimum core elements can be embedded in our assessment, through multiple resources. We can get learners to access quiz materials online, which will embed ICT. Learners can read through task sheets, which will embed reading English. We can also have learners complete a number of tasks in a given time frame, which will embed mathematics. When assessing my learners, I embedded predominately English and ICT, Mathematics was embedded in some of the tasks that they had to complete. The learners had to read the task sheet, there was a sheet of paper which listed all the tasks that was corresponding to the lesson. This was embedding English into the assessment. I also had a document saved on Learnzone, which gave the learner the option to view the document online, by accessing the document online, I had embedded ICT skills in the learner’s assessment. Embedding Mathematics into the Learners assessment would prove slightly difficult, with computer programming, when the learner was completing the tasks, some of the tasks, would compile of condition loops, which would set conditions based on numbers. There was numeracy involved in my assessment. The learners would have been assessed at the end of the module, based on a report that they would write. The report was to demonstrate their understanding of the computer programming language and would include screen shots as evidence of their work. The minimum core skills are required as the learner must have good English skills to write a report, and have good ICT skills to use a computer. How could I develop my practical skills as a result of this assessment/task; The learners had to learn a computer programming language, so most of the minimum core is embedded when assessing. I could engage the learners in an online quiz, this could enhance the mathematics skills when including minimum core. I could have also written more complex conditional functions, within the programming language, which would embed more mathematics. How could I develop my knowledge and understanding as a result of this assessment/task; I could research other tutors material and observe how they embed minimum core skills within their teaching, considering other assessment methods like short answer tests, quiz and presentations, to embed more of the minimum core skills.

Best Practice And Best Fit Approach In HRM Management Essay

Best Practice And Best Fit Approach In HRM Management Essay 1. Introduction The discussion between promoters of best practice and best fit approaches has sparked widespread controversy in the human resource management (HRM) area. The topic has gained much scholarly attention because it not only addresses a theoretical controversy but also possesses a high degree of practical managerial significance. The essay has the aim to analyse best practice and best fit approaches in HRM of a multinational enterprise. The reader receives insight into Lincoln Electric’s organization through a case-study analysis of practical HR approaches serving as a basis for developing practical managerial implications in the last part of the paper. 2. Critical evaluation of â€Å"best practice† and â€Å"best fit† practices in HRM 2.1 Best practice approach The best practice approach claims that certain bundles of HR activities exist which universally support companies in reaching a competitive advantage regardless of the organizational setting o r industry (Redman and Wilkinson 2009). Best practice models imply a close connection between HR practices and organizational performance and are often associated with high commitment management (Paauwe & Boselie 2003). Empirical research in the best-practice field shows similar groups of HR polices which are especially suitable for maximizing performance irrespective of market and product strategies (Peffer 1998, Guest 2000). Best practice bundles of activities are characterized as mutually compatible HR activities which forge high levels of workforce competence, encourage motivation and introduce a workdesign boosting employee commitment (Maloney and Morris 2005). Based on concepts from expectancy theory (Vroom 1964, Lawler 1971) best practice HR will result in higher levels of quality, productivity and low rates of absenteeism and wastage (Guest 2000). The best practice approach suffers from a series of limitations. Firstly, when implementing best practice standards organizations run risk of introducing mutually prohibitive combinations like team working and compensation based on individual performance resulting in a deterioration of employee collaboration through overexaggerated competition (Delery 1998 in Redman and Wilkinson 2009). Secondly, high commitment management systems are generally a complex undertaking requiring large inputs of planning and top level management commitment. Thirdly, critics like Milkovich and Newman (2002) argue that best practice HR lacks direct linkages with organizational strategies and is minted by the belief that outstanding high performing human resources will influence strategy. By making HR policy precede corporate strategy an organization risks prescribing standardized sets of â€Å"one size fits all† best practice approaches which will not support the particular needs of employees and be detrimental to overall strategic objectives (Maloney and Morris 2005). Fourthly, discussions with regard to the appropriate cho ice of best practice measures resulting from an insufficient research methodology and theoretical definition exist (Marchington and Grugulis 2000 in Redman and Wilkinson 2009). 2.2 Best fit approach The best-fit model is considered as a variant from precedent models of Harvard, Michigan and York and is called â€Å"matching model† for HRM (Sparrow and Hiltrop 1994). It is based on developing HRM policies according to business strategy. Strategy involves planning future activities, performances objectives, and policies towards reaching the corporate aims. HRM strategy should be designed and applied to support the given corporate strategy (Lawler 1995). The â€Å"best-fit† approach questions the universality assumption of the best-practice perspective. It emphasizes contingency fit between HR activities and the organization’s stage of development, an organization’s internal structures and its external environment like clients, suppliers, competition and lab our markets (Redman and Wilkinson 2009). HR policy should be minted by the appropriate context of individual employees and therefore support the overall competitive strategy. Aligning HRM practices to strategies can enable companies to create potential competitive advantages (Schuler and Jackson 1987 in Redman and Wilkinson 2009).

Ismg 12 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ismg 12 - Essay Example The Doctrine of Completed Staff Work makes perfect sense in the world of instant information access. This is because the doctrine advertises for full participation of workers in an organization. This is because an IT company needs such individuals, as well as the ideas of every member of the organization (Austin, Nolan and O’Donnell 200). An IT company needs innovation. People who work in an IT company are creative, and should be allowed to share information with everyone. This is what brings success to a company. Even though, this might make the company vulnerable, it works to the advantage of the company when the corporate culture allows workers to be open (Austin, Nolan and O’Donnell 200). Barton should not bypass the CEO, and tell the board regarding his news. This is because the CEO is Barton’s immediate boss, and; hence, Barton is responsible first to the CEO and then the board. The CEO also expects his workers to share any vital information with him before handing the matter to the board (Austin, Nolan and O’Donnell 202). In only some exceptional cases is where a worker can share information with the board without talking to his or her CEO. However, in Barton’s situation, it is advisable that he consults the CEO before talking to the board. This is because Barton’s CEO might feel out, which might ruin the relation of Barton and his CEO (Austin, Nolan and O’Donnell 202). I agree with Maggie that it is advisable to maintain talks with Williams as this will honor him as the boss of the company. This will also keep the boss prepared in case of any bad news regarding the actions being planned (Austin, Nolan and O’Donnell 203). Maggie know that Williams could be a stubborn person, and when he feels left out in matters that should involve him, then the firm will suffer from his quarrels. It is essential to keep the boss posted, and ask him/her what they think about

Environment & Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Environment & Society - Essay Example In poor countries for instance, women are mostly involved in activities such as fetching water, fetching fuel for domestic use and agriculture and therefore they understand the issues relating to the availability of water and other natural resources. This can be seen in the Bolivia water issues where women were the most affected by the rising water prices. The concept that gender has an effect on the way the society relates with the environment is predicated on the fact that gender roles and division of labour between the two genders determine how the society relates with the environment. Gender differences for instance determine how much each gender knows about the issues of environment and environment management. As Levy (pp. 8-12) says, in societies where there is no gender equality and women are left to do the lowly domestics tasks, they have the least knowledge about environment and this makes it harder for these women to be able to participate efficiently in conserving the envi ronment. This can be seen clearly in developing and underdeveloped world where women are not involved in the environment programs; yet, they are the ones who interact with the environment every day as they go about their daily economic activities such as fetching water, fetching fuel, farming etc. Differences in gender also result in differences in the way the environment is used. ... At the same time, the gender differences determine who will be involved in the management of the environment. This is very important because of a number of issues. To begin with, when gender inequalities are high, women are not involved in the management of the environment and this makes it harder for the management of the environment to be done in a holistic way. In almost any society, women are always the majority and this means that they are instrumental in helping to manage the environment. Failing to involve them in the management of the environment only leads to an ineffective environment management. It is also clear that in societies where gender inequalities are higher, women are not only left out in the management of the environment but are also likely to involve in the negative interaction with the environment. This is because such women are also left out in participating in the modern socioeconomic activities, leaving them to only have access to harmful economic activities . Failing to involve women in the proper management of the economy has a double negative impact in that in such a situation the majority of the population is not involved and the part of the society which involved itself the most in interacting with the environment are not involved in managing it. Environmental degradation also seems to affect different genders in a different way. Women for instance are affected in a more negative way when the environment is harmed since they are the ones who need the resources from nature the most. This difference in the way environmental degradation affects the gender is also an indication that gender has an effect in the way the gender affects the way in which the society interacts with the environment. When for instance the water catchments are